![]() Definitions vary, but homelessness generally refers to the lack of safe accommodations necessary for respite and connection with people and places ( 11, 47, 110). Although the Universal Declaration of Human Rights declared housing a basic right in 1991, the United Nations continues to identify homelessness as an urgent human rights crisis ( 109). Homelessness poses an enduring public health challenge throughout the developed world. A complex systems approach identifies capacities and constraints for sustainably solving homelessness. A need exists for policies that ensure reliable delivery of coordinated prevention efforts. Simulations suggest that prevention provides a leverage point within the system small efficiencies in keeping people housed yield disproportionately large reductions in homelessness. A system dynamics model tests assumptions of policy interventions for ending homelessness. Feedback processes challenge efficient service delivery. A constant demand for housing assistance strains service delivery, while prevention efforts remain inconsistently implemented in most countries. A complex systems perspective provides insights into the dynamics underlying coordinated responses to homelessness. Trends in homelessness remain stubbornly high despite policy initiatives to end homelessness. Children, families, and marginalized adults face life course implications of housing insecurity, while communities struggle to address the extensive array of needs within heterogeneous homeless populations. Homelessness represents an enduring public health threat facing communities across the developed world.
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